Rainfall that is normally absorbed by soil and vegetation can run off almost instantly, causing creeks and drainage areas to flood much earlier and with higher magnitude than normal. Hurricane Floyd (1999), aided by Tropical Storm Dennis (1999), caused widespread severe flooding that caused the majority of the $3 to 6 billion in damage reported after those storms.Īreas damaged by wildfires are particularly susceptible to flash floods and debris flows during rainstorms. Inland flooding occurs when moderate precipitation accumulates over several days, intense precipitation falls over a short period, or a river overflows because of an ice or debris jam or dam or levee failure. NSSL, with support from the NOAA National Sea Grant leads the unique interdisciplinary team of federal, state, university and private partners. NOAA NWS forecasters have access to CI-FLOW during these events to provide feedback on how well the CI-FLOW system estimates integrated water level. CI-FLOW is being tested in real-time when coastal storms approach North Carolina. CI-FLOW captures the complex interaction between rainfall, river flows, waves, tides, and storm surge, and how they will impact ocean and water levels. What we do: Coastal and Inland Flooding Observation and Warning (CI-FLOW) is a collaborative prototype real-time system that predicts integrated water level in North Carolina. At least 1500 persons lost their lives during Katrina and many of those deaths occurred directly, or indirectly, as a result of storm surge.
Hurricane Katrina (2005) is a prime example of the damage and devastation that can be caused by surge. In the past, large death tolls have resulted from the rise of the ocean associated with many of the major hurricanes that have made landfall. Along the coast, storm surge is often the greatest threat to life and property from a hurricane. Extreme flooding can occur in coastal areas particularly when storm surge coincides with normal high tide, resulting in storm tides reaching up to 20 feet or more in some cases. Storm surge is extremely dangerous, because it is capable of flooding large coastal areas. Storm surge is an abnormal rise in water level in coastal areas, over and above the regular astronomical tide, caused by forces generated from a severe storm's wind, waves, and low atmospheric pressure. Coastal flooding is caused by higher than average high tide and worsened by heavy rainfall and onshore winds (i.e., wind blowing landward from the ocean).
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